本文使用工具或者服务
Zookeeper 簡介
- ZooKeeper是一个分布式协调服务,它的主要作用是为分布式系统提供一致性服务,提供的功能包括:配置维护、命名服务、分布式同步、组服务等。Kafka的运行依赖ZooKeeper。
- Broker注册
- Topic注册
- 生产者负载均衡
- 消费者负载均衡
- 消费者注册
Kafka 簡介
- Kafka是由Apache软件基金会开发的一个开源流处理平台,由Scala和Java编写。Kafka是一种高吞吐量的分布式发布订阅消息系统,它可以处理消费者在网站中的所有动作流数据。
- Kafka 是一种高吞吐量的分布式发布订阅消息系统,有如下特性:
- 通过O(1)的磁盘数据结构提供消息的持久化,这种结构对于即使数以TB的消息存储也能够保持长时间的稳定性能。
- 高吞吐量 即使是非常普通的硬件Kafka也可以支持每秒数百万的消息。
- 支持通过Kafka服务器和消费机集群来分区消息。
zookeeper 與kafka之間的關係
- ZooKeeper用于分布式系统的协调,Kafka使用ZooKeeper也是基于相同的原因。ZooKeeper主要用来协调Kafka的各个broker,不仅可以实现broker的负载均衡,而且当增加了broker或者某个broker故障了,ZooKeeper将会通知生产者和消费者,这样可以保证整个系统正常运转。
安裝zooker和kafka 之前首先要做系統的優化和配置
- 文件句柄數的調整
- oracle Jre8 安裝
- 磁盤的分區和挂載點必須滿足kafka大數量的存儲xfs分區
- 關閉selinux
- 防火墻暫時關閉(後面看可以統一規劃端口)
- 創建非root的kafka管理用戶並添加sudoer權限
注意事項
- kafka是一個分佈式的消息系統,我們會臨時存儲消息,如果存儲消息的時間長,那麽需要大空間,所以分區的時候已經要注意,就是安裝kafka的時候存儲一定要挂載到大的硬盤空間上
Zookeeper 配置
1# The number of milliseconds of each tick
2tickTime=2000
3# The number of ticks that the initial
4# synchronization phase can take
5initLimit=10
6# The number of ticks that can pass between
7# sending a request and getting an acknowledgement
8syncLimit=5
9# the directory where the snapshot is stored.
10# do not use /tmp for storage, /tmp here is just
11# example sakes.
12dataDir=/opt/conf
13# /opt/conf/myid #myid文件,里面的内容为数字,用于标识主机,如果这个文件没有的话,zookeeper无法启动
14# the port at which the clients will connect
15clientPort=2181
16# the maximum number of client connections.
17# increase this if you need to handle more clients
18#maxClientCnxns=60
19#
20# Be sure to read the maintenance section of the
21# administrator guide before turning on autopurge.
22#
23# http://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/current/zookeeperAdmin.html#sc_maintenance
24#
25# The number of snapshots to retain in dataDir
26#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
27# Purge task interval in hours
28# Set to "0" to disable auto purge feature
29#autopurge.purgeInterval=1
30
31## Metrics Providers
32#
33# https://prometheus.io Metrics Exporter
34#metricsProvider.className=org.apache.zookeeper.metrics.prometheus.PrometheusMetricsProvider
35#metricsProvider.httpPort=7000
36#metricsProvider.exportJvmInfo=true
37server.1=192.168.25.231:12888:13888
38server.2=192.168.25.232:12888:13888
39server.3=192.168.25.233:12888:13888
40server.4=192.168.25.234:12888:13888
41server.5=192.168.25.235:12888:13888
42
43#配置参数说明:
44tickTime:客户端与服务器或者服务器与服务器之间每个tickTime时间就会发送一次心跳。通过心跳不仅能够用来监听机器的工作状态,还可以通过心跳来控制Flower跟Leader的通信时间,默认2秒
45initLimit:集群中的follower服务器(F)与leader服务器(L)之间初始连接时能容忍的最多心跳数(tickTime的数量)。
46syncLimit:集群中flower服务器(F)跟leader(L)服务器之间的请求和答应最多能容忍的心跳数。
47dataDir:该属性对应的目录是用来存放myid信息跟一些版本,日志,跟服务器唯一的ID信息等。
48clientPort:客户端连接的接口,客户端连接zookeeper服务器的端口,zookeeper会监听这个端口,接收客户端的请求访问!这个端口默认是2181。
49service.N=YYY:A:B
50N:代表服务器编号(也就是myid里面的值)
51YYY:服务器地址
52A:表示 Flower 跟 Leader的通信端口,简称服务端内部通信的端口(默认2888),我们使用12888
53B:表示 是选举端口(默认是3888),我们使用
Kafka的配置
1
2# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
3# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
4# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
5# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
6# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
7# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
8#
9# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
10#
11# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
12# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
13# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
14# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
15# limitations under the License.
16
17# see kafka.server.KafkaConfig for additional details and defaults
18
19############################# Server Basics #############################
20
21# The id of the broker. This must be set to a unique integer for each broker.
22broker.id=1
23
24############################# Socket Server Settings #############################
25
26# The address the socket server listens on. It will get the value returned from
27# java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName() if not configured.
28# FORMAT:
29# listeners = listener_name://host_name:port
30# EXAMPLE:
31# listeners = PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092
32listeners=PLAINTEXT://192.168.25.231:9092
33
34# Hostname and port the broker will advertise to producers and consumers. If not set,
35# it uses the value for "listeners" if configured. Otherwise, it will use the value
36# returned from java.net.InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName().
37#advertised.listeners=PLAINTEXT://your.host.name:9092
38
39# Maps listener names to security protocols, the default is for them to be the same. See the config documentation for more details
40#listener.security.protocol.map=PLAINTEXT:PLAINTEXT,SSL:SSL,SASL_PLAINTEXT:SASL_PLAINTEXT,SASL_SSL:SASL_SSL
41
42# The number of threads that the server uses for receiving requests from the network and sending responses to the network
43num.network.threads=3
44
45# The number of threads that the server uses for processing requests, which may include disk I/O
46num.io.threads=8
47
48# The send buffer (SO_SNDBUF) used by the socket server
49socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400
50
51# The receive buffer (SO_RCVBUF) used by the socket server
52socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400
53
54# The maximum size of a request that the socket server will accept (protection against OOM)
55socket.request.max.bytes=104857600
56
57
58############################# Log Basics #############################
59
60# A comma separated list of directories under which to store log files
61log.dirs=/kafka-data/kafka-logs
62
63# The default number of log partitions per topic. More partitions allow greater
64# parallelism for consumption, but this will also result in more files across
65# the brokers.
66num.partitions=1
67
68# The number of threads per data directory to be used for log recovery at startup and flushing at shutdown.
69# This value is recommended to be increased for installations with data dirs located in RAID array.
70num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1
71
72############################# Internal Topic Settings #############################
73# The replication factor for the group metadata internal topics "__consumer_offsets" and "__transaction_state"
74# For anything other than development testing, a value greater than 1 is recommended to ensure availability such as 3.
75offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
76transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
77transaction.state.log.min.isr=1
78
79############################# Log Flush Policy #############################
80
81# Messages are immediately written to the filesystem but by default we only fsync() to sync
82# the OS cache lazily. The following configurations control the flush of data to disk.
83# There are a few important trade-offs here:
84# 1. Durability: Unflushed data may be lost if you are not using replication.
85# 2. Latency: Very large flush intervals may lead to latency spikes when the flush does occur as there will be a lot of data to flush.
86# 3. Throughput: The flush is generally the most expensive operation, and a small flush interval may lead to excessive seeks.
87# The settings below allow one to configure the flush policy to flush data after a period of time or
88# every N messages (or both). This can be done globally and overridden on a per-topic basis.
89
90# The number of messages to accept before forcing a flush of data to disk
91#log.flush.interval.messages=10000
92
93# The maximum amount of time a message can sit in a log before we force a flush
94#log.flush.interval.ms=1000
95
96############################# Log Retention Policy #############################
97
98# The following configurations control the disposal of log segments. The policy can
99# be set to delete segments after a period of time, or after a given size has accumulated.
100# A segment will be deleted whenever *either* of these criteria are met. Deletion always happens
101# from the end of the log.
102
103# The minimum age of a log file to be eligible for deletion due to age
104log.retention.hours=168
105
106# A size-based retention policy for logs. Segments are pruned from the log unless the remaining
107# segments drop below log.retention.bytes. Functions independently of log.retention.hours.
108#log.retention.bytes=1073741824
109
110# The maximum size of a log segment file. When this size is reached a new log segment will be created.
111log.segment.bytes=1073741824
112
113# The interval at which log segments are checked to see if they can be deleted according
114# to the retention policies
115log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
116
117############################# Zookeeper #############################
118
119# Zookeeper connection string (see zookeeper docs for details).
120# This is a comma separated host:port pairs, each corresponding to a zk
121# server. e.g. "127.0.0.1:3000,127.0.0.1:3001,127.0.0.1:3002".
122# You can also append an optional chroot string to the urls to specify the
123# root directory for all kafka znodes.
124zookeeper.connect=192.168.25.231:2181,192.168.25.232:2181,192.168.25.233:2181,192.168.25.234:2181,192.168.25.235:2181
125
126# Timeout in ms for connecting to zookeeper
127zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=18000
128
129
130
131############################# Group Coordinator Settings #############################
132
133# The following configuration specifies the time, in milliseconds, that the GroupCoordinator will delay the initial consumer rebalance.
134# The rebalance will be further delayed by the value of group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms as new members join the group, up to a maximum of max.poll.interval.ms.
135# The default value for this is 3 seconds.
136# We override this to 0 here as it makes for a better out-of-the-box experience for development and testing.
137# However, in production environments the default value of 3 seconds is more suitable as this will help to avoid unnecessary, and potentially expensive, rebalances during application startup.
138group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0
安装kafka的ui 监控
1docker run -p 8080:8080 \
2 -e KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_NAME=local \
3 -e KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_BOOTSTRAPSERVERS=192.168.25.231:9092,192.168.25.232:9092,192.168.25.231:9092,192.168.25.233:9092,192.168.25.234:9092,192.168.25.235:9092 \
4 -d provectuslabs/kafka-ui:latest
- 访问http://ip:8080/ 就可以看到kafka管理页面